Libris Britannia 4/science library(b).zip/science library(b)/HAM_RAD/3348.ZIP/HAMDATA.EXE/FCC97REF.DOC

Text File | 1990-05-26 | 41KB | 796 lines

             OTHER FCC RULES REFERENCED IN PART 97



0.121  Locations of field installations.

     (a) and (b) reserved.
     (c) Monitoring stations are located at the following
geographical  coordinates:

Station                   Latitude       Longitude
---------------------    -----------    ------------
Allegan, Michigan        42-36-20 N.     85-57-20 W.
Anchorage, Alaska        61-09-43 N.    149-59-55 W.
Belfast, Maine           44-26-42 N.     69-04-58 W.
Canandaigua, New York    42-54-48 N.     77-15-59 W.
Douglas, Arizona         31-30-02 N.    109-39-12 W.
Ferndale, Washington     48-57-21 N.    122-33-13 W.
Fort Lauderdale, Florida 26-06-08 N.     80-16-42 W.
Grand Island, Nebraska   40-55-21 N.     98-25-42 W.
Kingsville, Texas        27-26-29 N.     97-53-00 W.
Laurel, Maryland         39-09-54 N.     76-49-17 W.
Livermore, California    37-43-30 N.    121-45-12 W.
Powder Springs, Georgia  33-51-44 N.     84-43-26 W.
Sabana Seca, Puerto Rico 18-27-23 N.     66-13-37 W.
Waipahu, Hawaii          21-22-45 N.    157-59-54 W.

(Coordinates are given as "Degrees-Minutes-Seconds")



0.314  Additional authority delegated.

     The Engineer in Charge at each installation is delegated
authority to act upon applications, requests, or other matters,
which are not in hearing status, and direct the following
activities necessary to conduct investigations or inspections:
.
.
.    (x) When deemed necessary by the Engineer-in-Charge of a
Commission field facility to assure compliance with the Rules, a
station licensee shall maintain a record of such operating and
maintenance records as may be necessary to resolve conditions of
interference or deficient technical operation.



1.1305  Actions which normally will have a significant impact upon
the environment, for which Environmental Impact Statements must be
prepared.

     Any Commission action deemed to have a significant effect upon
the quality of the human environment requires the preparation of
a Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) and Final
Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) (collectively referred to as
EISs) (see 1.1314, 1.1315 and 1.1317).  The Commission has reviewed
representative actions and has found no common pattern which would
enable it to specify actions that will thus automatically require
EISs.
     Note - Our current application forms refer applicants to
1.1305 to determine if their proposals are such that the submission
of environmental information is required (see 1.1311).  Until the
application forms are revised to reflect our new environmental
rules, applicants should refer to 1.1307.  Section 1.1307 now
delineates those actions for which applicants must submit
environmental information.



1.1306  Actions which are categorically excluded from environmental
processing.

     (a) Except as provided in 1.1307(c) and (d), Commission
actions not covered by 1.1307(a) and (b) are deemed individually
and cumulatively to have no significant effect on the quality of
the human environment and are categorically excluded from
environmental processing.
     (b) Specifically, any Commission action with respect to any
new application, or minor or major modifications of existing or
authorized facilities or equipment, will be categorically excluded,
provided such proposals do not:
          (1) Involve a site location specified under
1.1307(a)(1)-(5), or
          (2) Involve high intensity lighting under 1.1307(a)(6).
          (3) Results in human exposure to radiofrequency radiation
in excess of the applicable safety standards specified in
1.1307(b).

     Note 1 - The provisions of 1.1307(a) do not encompass the
mounting of antennas on an existing building or antenna tower,
unless the antenna(s) to be mounted is (are) subject to the
provisions of 1.1307(b) and would result in human exposure to
radiofrequency radiation in excess of the applicable health and
safety guidelines cited in 1.1307(b).  Otherwise, the use of
existing buildings and towers is an environmentally desirable
alternative to the construction of new towers and is encouraged.
     Note 2 - The specific height of an antenna tower or supporting
structure, as well as the specific diameter of a satellite earth
station, in and of itself, will not be deemed sufficient to warrant
environmental processing, see 1.1307 and 1.1308.
     Note 3 - The construction of an antenna tower or supporting
structure in an established "antenna farm" (i.e., an area in which
similar antenna towers are clustered, whether or not such area has
been officially designated as an antenna farm), will be
categorically excluded unless one or more of the antennas to be
mounted on the tower or structure are subject to the provisions of
1.1307(b) and the additional radiofrequency radiation from the
antenna(s) on the new tower or structure would cause human exposure
in excess of the applicable health and safety guidelines cited in
1.1307(b).



1.1307  Actions which may have a significant environmental effect,
for which environmental assessments (EAs) must be prepared.

     (a) Commission actions with respect to the following types of
facilities may significantly affect the environment and thus
require the preparation of EAs by the applicant (see 1.1308 and
1.1311) and may require further Commission environmental processing
(see 1.1314, 1.1315 and 1.1317):
          (1) Facilities that are to be located in an officially
designated wilderness area.
          (2) Facilities that are to be located in an officially
designated wildlife preserve.
          (3) Facilities that will affect districts, sites,
buildings, structures or objects, significant in American history,
architecture, archeology or culture, that are listed in the
National Register of Historic Places or are eligible for listing.
(See 36 CFR paragraphs 60, 63 and 800.)   Note - The National
Register is updated and re-published in the Federal Register each
year in February.
          (4) Facilities to be located in a floodplain (see
Executive Order 11990).
          (5) Facilities whose construction will involve
significant change in surface features (e.g., wetland fill,
deforestation or water diversion).  (In the case of wetlands on
Federal property, see Executive Order 11990.)
          (6) Antenna towers and/or supporting structures that are
to be equipped with high intensity white lights which are located
in residential neighborhoods, as defined by the applicable zoning
law.
     (b) In addition to the actions listed in paragraph (a),
Commission actions granting construction permits, licenses to
transmit or renewals thereof, or Commission actions authorizing
modifications in existing facilities, will require the preparation
of an EA if the particular facility or operation would cause
exposure of workers or the general public to levels of
radiofrequency radiation in excess of the "Radio Frequency
Protection Guides" recommended in "American National Standard
Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency
Electromagnetic Fields, 300 kHz to 100 GHz," (ANSI C95-1-1982),
issued by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 1430
Broadway, New York, NY 10018. Copyright 1982 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 345 East 47th St., New
York, NY 10017.  Note - The provisions of paragraph (b) shall only
apply to facilities and services licensed or authorized under parts
5, 25, 73 and 74 (Subparts A and G only) of the FCC Rules and
Regulations.
     (c) If an interested person alleges that a particular action,
otherwise categorically excluded, will have a significant
environmental effect, the person shall submit to the Bureau
responsible for processing that action a written petition setting
forth in detail the reasons justifying or circumstances
necessitating environmental consideration in the decision-making
process (see 1.1313). The Bureau shall review the petition and
consider the environmental concerns that have been raised.  If the
Bureau determines that the action may have a significant
environmental impact, the Bureau will require the applicant to
prepare an EA (see 1.1308 and 1.1311), which will serve as the
basis for the determination to proceed with or terminate
environmental processing.
     (d) If the Bureau responsible for processing a particular
action, otherwise categorically excluded, determines that the
proposal may have a significant environmental impact, the Bureau,
on its own motion, shall require the applicant to submit an EA.
The Bureau will review and consider the EA as in paragraph (c) of
this section.



1.1308  Consideration of environmental assessments (EAs); findings
on No significant impact.

     (a) Applicants shall prepare EAs for action that may have a
significant environmental impact (see 1.1307).  An EA is described
in detail in 1.1311 of this part of the Commission rules.
     (b) The EA is a document which shall explain the environmental
consequences of the proposal and set forth sufficient analysis for
the Bureau or the Commission to reach a determination that the
proposal will or will not have a significant environmental effect.
To assist in making that determination, the Bureau or the
Commission may request further information from the applicant,
interested persons, and agencies and authorities which have
jurisdiction by law or which have relevant expertise.
     (c) If the Bureau or the Commission determines, based on an
independent review of the EA, that the proposal will have a
significant environmental impact upon the quality of the human
environment, it will so inform the applicant.  The applicant will
then have an opportunity to amend its application so as to reduce,
minimize or eliminate environmental problems (see 1.1309).  If the
environmental problem is not eliminated, the Bureau will publish
in the Federal Register a Notice of Intent (see 1.1314) that EISs
will be prepared (see 1.1315 and 1.1317), or
     (d) If the Bureau or Commission determines, based on an
independent review of the EA that the proposal would not have a
significant impact, it will make a finding of no significant
impact.  Therefore, the application will be processed without
further consideration of environmental effect.  Pursuant to CEQ
regulations (see 40 CFR 1501.4 and 1506.6), the applicant must
provide the community notice of the Commission's finding of no
significant impact.




1.1309  Application amendments.

     Applicants are permitted to amend their applications to
reduce, minimize or eliminate potential environmental problems.
As a routine matter, an applicant will be permitted to amend its
application within thirty (30) days after the Commission or the
Bureau informs the applicant that the proposal will have a
significant impact upon the quality of the human environment (see
1.1308(c)).  The period of thirty (30) days may be extended upon
a showing of good cause.



1.1311  Environmental information to be included in the
environmental assessment (EA).

     (a) The applicant shall submit an EA with each application
that is subject to environmental processing (see 1.1307).  The EA
shall contain the following information:
          (1) For antenna towers and satellite earth stations, a
description of the facilities as well as supporting structures and
appurtenances, and a description of the site as well as the
surrounding area and uses.  If high intensity white lighting is
proposed or utilized within a residential area, the EA must also
address the impact of this lighting upon the residents.
          (2) A statement as to the zoning classification of the
site, and communications with, or proceedings before and
determinations (if any) made by zoning, planning, environmental or
other local, state or federal authorities on matters relating to
environmental effect.
          (3) A statement as to whether construction of the
facilities has been a source of controversy on environmental
grounds in the local community.
          (4) A discussion of environmental and other
considerations which led to the selection of the particular site
and, if relevant, the particular facility; the nature and extent
of any unavoidable adverse environmental effects, and any
alternative sites or facilities which have been or might reasonably
be considered.
          (5) Any other information that may be requested by the
Bureau or Commission.
     (b) The information submitted in the EA shall be factual (not
argumentative or conclusory) and concise with sufficient detail to
explain the environmental consequences and to enable the Commission
or Bureau, after an independent review of the EA, to reach a
determination concerning the proposal's environmental impact, if
any. The EA shall deal specifically with any feature of the site
which has special environmental significance (e.g., wilderness
areas, wildlife preserves, natural migration paths for birds and
other wildlife, and sites of historic, architectural, or
archaeological value). In the case of historically significant
sites, it shall specify the effect of the facilities on any
district, site, building, structure or object listed or eligible
for listing, in the National Register of Historic Places.  It shall
also detail any substantial change in the character of the land
utilized (e.g., deforestation, water diversion, wetland fill, or
other extensive change of surface features).  In the case of
wilderness areas, wildlife preserves, or other like areas, the
statement shall discuss the effect of any continuing pattern of
human intrusion into the area (e.g., necessitated by the operation
and maintenance of the facilities).
     (c) The EA shall also be accompanied with evidence of site
approval which has been obtained from local or federal land use
authorities.
     (d) To the extent that such information is submitted in
another part of the application, it need not be duplicated in the
EA, but adequate cross-reference to such information shall be
supplied.
     (e) An EA need not be submitted to the Commission if another
agency of the Federal Government has assumed responsibility for
determining whether the facilities in question will have a
significant effect on the quality of the human environment and, if
it will, for invoking the environmental impact statement process.



1.1312  Facilities for which no construction permit is required.

     In the case of facilities for which no construction permit is
required or for which a waiver request for a construction permit
has been granted under 47 U.S.C. 319(d), the information required
by 1.1311 shall be submitted and ruled on by the Commission, and
the environmental processing (if invoked) shall be completed before
authorization of the facilities is granted.



1.1313  Objections.

     (a) In the case of an application to which section 309(b) of
the Communications Act applies, objections based on environmental
considerations shall be filed as petitions to deny.
     (b) Informal objections which are based on environmental
considerations must be filed prior to grant of the construction
permit, or prior to authorization for facilities that do not
require construction permits, or pursuant to the applicable rules
governing services subject to lotteries.



1.1314  Environmental impact statements (EISs).

     (a) Draft Environmental Impact Statements (DEISs) (1.1315) and
Final Environmental Impact Statements (FEISs) (referred to
collectively as EISs)  (1.1317) shall be prepared by the Bureau
responsible for processing the proposal when the Commission's or
the Bureau's analysis of the EA (1.1308) indicates that the
proposal will have a significant effect upon the environment and
the matter has not been resolved by an amendment.
     (b) As soon as practically feasible, the Bureau will publish
in the Federal Register a Notice of Intent to prepare EISs.  The
Notice shall briefly identify the proposal, concisely describe the
environmental issues and concerns presented by the subject
application and generally invite participation from affected or
involved agencies, authorities and other interested persons.
     (c) The EISs shall not address non-environmental
considerations.  To safeguard against repetitive and unnecessarily
lengthy documents, the Statements, where feasible, shall
incorporate by reference material set forth in previous documents,
with only a brief summary of its content.  In preparing the EISs,
the Bureau will identify and address the significant environmental
issues and eliminate the insignificant issues from analysis.
     (d) To assist in the preparation of the EISs, the Bureau may
request further information from the applicant, interested persons
and agencies and authorities, which have jurisdiction by law or
which have relevant expertise.  The Bureau may direct that
technical studies be made by the applicant and that the applicant
obtain expert opinion concerning the potential environmental
problems and costs associated with the proposed action, as well as
comparative analyses of alternatives.  The Bureau may also consult
experts in an effort to identify measures that could be taken to
minimize the adverse effects and alternatives to the proposed
facilities that are not, or are less, objectionable.  The Bureau
may also direct that objections be raised with appropriate local,
state or federal land use agencies or authorities (if their views
have not been previously sought).  Note - The Advisory Council of
Historic Preservation has adopted formal procedures for such
consultation.  See 36 CFR Part 800.
     (e) The Bureau responsible for processing the particular
application and, thus, preparing the EISs shall draft supplements
to Statements where significant new circumstances occur or
information arises relevant to environmental concerns and bearing
upon the application.
     (f) The application, the EA, the DEIS, and the FEIS and all
related documents, including the comments filed by the public and
any agency, shall be part of the administrative record and will be
routinely available for public inspection.
     (g) If EISs are to be prepared, the applicant must provide the
community with notice of the availability of environmental
documents and the scheduling of any Commission hearings in that
action.
     (h) The timing of agency action with respect to applications
subject to EISs is set forth in 40 CFR 1506.10.  No decision shall
be made until ninety (90) days after the Notice of Availability of
the Draft Environmental Impact Statement is published in the
Federal Register, and thirty (30) days after the Notice of
Availability of the Final Environmental Impact Statement is
published in the Federal Register, which time period may run
concurrently.  See 40 CFR 1506.10(c); see also 1.1315(b) and
1.1317(b).
     (i) Guidance concerning preparation of the Draft and Final
Environmental Impact Statements is set out in 40 CFR Part 1502.



1.1315 The Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS); Comments.

     (a) The DEIS shall include:
          (1) A concise description of the proposal, the nature of
the area affected, its uses, and any specific feature of the area
that has special environmental significance;
          (2) An analysis of the proposal, and reasonable
alternatives exploring the important consequent advantages and/or
disadvantages of the action and indicating the direct and indirect
effects and their significance in terms of the short and long-term
uses of the human environment.
     (b) When a DEIS and supplements, if any, are prepared, the
Commission shall send five copies of the Statement, or a summary,
to the Office of Federal Activities, Environmental Protection
Agency. Additional copies, or summaries will be sent to the
appropriate regional office of the Environmental Protection Agency.
Public Notice of the availability of the DEIS will be published in
the Federal Register by the Environmental Protection Agency.
     (c) When copies or summaries of the DEIS are sent to the
Environmental Protection Agency, the copies or summaries will be
mailed with a request for comment to federal agencies having
jurisdiction by law or special expertise, to the Council on
Environmental Quality, to the applicant, to individuals, groups
and state and local agencies known to have an interest in the
environmental consequences of a grant, and to any other person who
has requested a copy.
     (d) Any person or agency may comment on the DEIS and the
environmental effect of the proposal described therein within 45
days after notice of the availability of the statement is published
in the Federal Register. A copy of those comments shall be mailed
to the applicant by the person who files them pursuant to 47 CFR
1.47.  An original and one copy shall be filed with the Commission.
If a person submitting comments is especially qualified in any way
to comment on the environmental impact of the facilities, a
statement of his or her qualifications shall be set out in the
comments.  In addition, comments submitted by an agency shall
identify the person(s) who prepared them.
     (e) The applicant may file reply comments within 15 days after
the time for filing comments has expired.  Reply comments shall be
filed with the Commission in the same manner as comments, and shall
be served by the applicant on persons or agencies which filed
comments.
     (f) The preparation of a DEIS and the request for comments
shall not open the application to attack on other grounds.



1.1317  The Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS).

     (a) After receipt of comments and reply comments, the Bureau
will prepare a FEIS, which shall include a summary of the comments,
and a response to the comments, and an analysis of the proposal in
terms of its environmental consequences, and any reasonable
alternatives, and recommendations, if any, and shall cite the
Commission's internal appeal procedures (see 47 CFR 1.101-1.120).
     (b) The FEIS and any supplements will be distributed and
published in the same manner as specified in 1.1315.  Copies of the
comments and reply comments, or summaries thereof where the record
is voluminous, shall be attached to the FEIS.



1.1319  Consideration of the environmental impact statements.

     (a) If the action is subject to a hearing:
          (1) In rendering his initial decision, the Administrative
Law Judge shall utilize the FEIS in considering the environmental
issues. In a comparative context, the respective parties shall be
afforded the opportunity to comment on the FEIS, and the
Administrative Law Judge's decision shall contain an evaluation of
the respective applications based on environmental and
non-environmental public interest factors.
          (2) Upon review of an initial decision, the Review Board
and/or the Commission will consider and assess all aspects of the
FEIS and will render its decision, giving due consideration to the
environmental and non-environmental issues.
     (b) In all non-hearing matters, the Commission, as part of its
decision-making process, will review the FEIS, along with other
relevant issues, to ensure that the environmental effects are
specifically assessed and given comprehensive consideration.

2.106  Footnote US7.

     In the band 420-450 MHz and within the following areas, the
peak envelope power output of a transmitter employed in the amateur
service shall not exceed 50 watts, unless expressly authorized by
the Commission after mutual agreement, on a case-by-case basis,
between the Federal Communications Commission Engineer in Charge
at the applicable District office and the Military Area Frequency
Coordinator at the applicable military base:
     (a) Those portions of Texas and New Mexico bounded on the
south by latitude 31 degrees 45 minutes North, on the east by 104
degrees 0 minutes West, on the north by latitude 34 degrees 30
minutes North, and on the west by longitude 107 degrees 30 minutes
West;
     (b) The entire State of Florida including the Key West area
and the areas enclosed within a 200-mile radius of Patrick Air
Force Base, Florida (latitude 28 degrees 21 minutes North,
longitude 80 degrees 43 minutes West), and within a 200 mile radius
of Eglin Air Force Base, Florida (latitude 30 degrees 30 minutes
North, longitude 86 degrees 30 minutes West);
     (c) The entire State of Arizona;
     (d) Those portions of California and Nevada south of latitude
37 degrees 10 minutes North, and the areas enclosed within a 200
mile radius of the Pacific Missile Test Center, Point Mugu,
California (latitude 34 degrees 9 minutes North, longitude 119
degrees 11 minutes West);
     (e) In the State of Massachusetts within a 160-kilometer (100
mile) radius around locations at Otis Air Force Base, Massachusetts
(latitude 41 degrees 45 minutes North, longitude 70 degrees 32
minutes West);
     (f) In the State of California within a 240-kilometer (150
mile) radius around locations at Beale Air Force Base, California
(latitude 39 degrees 8 minutes North, longitude 121 degrees 26
minutes West);
     (g) In the State of Alaska within a 160-kilometer (100 mile)
radius of Clear, Alaska (latitude 64 degrees 17 minutes North,
longitude 149 degrees 10 minutes West). (The Military Area
Frequency Coordinator for this area is located at Elmendorf Air
Force Base, Alaska.)
     (h) In the State of North Dakota within a 160-kilometer (100
mile) radius of Concrete, North Dakota (latitude 48 degrees 43
minutes North, longitude 97 degrees 54 minutes West). (The Military
Area Frequency Coordinator for this area can be contacted at: HQ
SAC/SXOE, Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska 68113.)
     (i) In the States of Alabama, Florida, Georgia and South
Carolina within a 200-kilometer (124 mile) radius of Warner Robins
Air Force Base, Georgia (latitude 32 degrees 38 minutes North, 83
degrees 35 minutes West).
     (j) In the State of Texas within a 200-kilometer (124 mile)
radius of Goodfellow Air Force Base, Texas (latitude 31 degrees 25
minutes North, longitude 100 degrees 24 minutes West).



2.201  Emission, modulation and transmission characteristics.

     The following system of designating emission, modulation and
transmission characteristics shall be employed.
     (a) Emissions are designated according to their classification
and their necessary bandwidth.
     (b) A minimum of three symbols are used to describe the basic
characteristics of radio waves. Emissions are classified and
symbolized according to the following characteristics:
          (1) First symbol - type of modulation of the main
carrier;
          (2) Second symbol - nature of signal(s) modulating the
main carrier;
          (3) Third symbol - type of information to be transmitted.

       Note - A fourth and fifth symbol are provided for additional
information and are shown in Appendix 6, part A of ITU Radio
Regulations.  Use of the fourth and fifth symbol is optional.
Therefore, the symbols may be used as described in Appendix 6, but
are not required by the Commission.

     (c) First symbol - types of modulation of the main carrier:
          (1) Emission of an unmodulated carrier - - - - - - - N
          (2) Emission in which the main carrier is
amplitude-modulated (including cases where subcarriers are
angle-modulated):
          - Double sideband  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A
          - Single sideband, full carrier  - - - - - - - - - - H
          - Single sideband, reduced or variable level
carrier  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - R
          - Single sideband, suppressed carrier  - - - - - - - J
          - Independent sidebands  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - B
          - Vestigal sideband  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C
          (3) Emission in which the main carrier is
angle-modulated:
          - Frequency modulation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - F
          - Phase modulation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - G

          Note - Whenever frequency modulation (F) is indicated,
phase modulation (G) is also acceptable.

          (4) Emission in which the main carrier is amplitude- and
angle-modulated either simultaneously or in a pre-established
sequence - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - D
          (5) Emission of pulses (emissions where the main carrier
is directly modulated by a signal which has been coded into
quantized form (e.g., pulse code modulation) should be designated
under (2) or (3)):
          - Sequence of unmodulated pulses - - - - - - - - - - P
          - A sequence of pulses modulated in amplitude  - - - K
          - A sequence of pulses modulated in width/duration - L
          - A sequence of pulses modulated in position/phase - M
          - A sequence of pulses in which the carrier is
angle-modulated during the period of the pulse - - - - - - - - Q
          - A sequence of pulses which is a combination of the
foregoing or is produced by other means  - - - - - - - - - - - V
          (6) Cases not covered above, in which an emission
consists of the main carrier modulated, either simultaneously or
in a pre-established sequence in a combination of two or more of
the following modes: amplitude, angle, pulse - - - - - - - - - W
          (7) Cases not otherwise covered  - - - - - - - - - - N

     (d) Second symbol - nature of signal(s) modulating the main
carrier:

          (1) No modulating signal - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0
          (2) A single channel containing quantized or digital
information without the use of a modulating subcarrier, excluding
time-division multiplex  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
          (3) A single channel containing quantized or digital
information with the use of a modulating subcarrier, time-division
multiplex  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2
          (4) A single channel containing analog information - 3
          (5) Two or more channels containing quantized or digital
information  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7
          (6) Two or more channels containing analog
information  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8
          (7) Composite system with one or more channels containing
quantized or digital information, together with one or more
channels containing analog information - - - - - - - - - - - - 9
          (8) Cases not otherwise covered  - - - - - - - - - - X

     (e) Third symbol - type of information to be transmitted:
          (1) No information transmitted - - - - - - - - - - - N
          (2) Telegraphy, for aural reception  - - - - - - - - A
          (3) Telegraphy, for automatic reception  - - - - - - B
          (4) Facsimile  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C
          (5) Data transmission, telemetry, telecommand  - - - D
          (6) Telephony (including sound broadcasting) - - - - E
          (7) Television (video)   - - - - - - - - - - - - - - F
          (8) Combination of the above - - - - - - - - - - - - W
          (9) Cases not covered  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - X

     (f) Type B emission: As an exception to the above principles,
damped waves are symbolized in the Commission's rules and
regulations as type B emission. The use of type B emissions is
forbidden.
     (g) Whenever the full designation of an emission is necessary,
the symbol for that emission, as given above, shall be preceded by
the necessary bandwidth of the emission as indicated in
2.202(b)(1).



2.202  Bandwidths.

     (a) Occupied bandwidth: The frequency bandwidth such that,
below its lower and above its upper frequency limits, the mean
powers radiated are each equal to 0.5 percent of the total mean
power radiated by a given emission.  In some cases, for example
multi-channel frequency-division systems, the percentage of 0.5
percent may lead to difficulties in the practical application of
the definitions of occupied and necessary bandwidth; in such cases
a different percentage may prove useful.
     (b) Necessary bandwidth: For a given class of emission, the
minimum value of the occupied bandwidth sufficient to ensure the
transmission of information at the rate and with the quality
required for the system employed, under specified conditions.
Emissions useful for the good functioning of the receiving
equipment as, for example, the emission corresponding to the
carrier or reduced carrier systems, shall be included in the
necessary bandwidth.
          (1) The necessary bandwidth shall be expressed by three
numerals and one letter.  The letter occupies the position of the
decimal point and represents the unit of bandwidth.  The first
character shall be neither zero nor K, M or G.
          (2) Necessary bandwidths:
           - between 0.001 and 999 Hz shall be expressed in Hz
(letter H);
           - between 1.00 and 999 kHz shall be expressed in kHz
(letter K);
           - between 1.00 and 999 MHz shall be expressed in MHz
(letter M);
           - between 1.00 and 999 GHz shall be expressed in GHz
(letter G).

          (3) Examples:
           -  0.002 Hz  =  H002
           -  0.1 Hz    =  H100
           -  25.3 Hz   =  25H3
           -  400 Hz    =  400H
           -  2.4 kHz   =  2K40
           -  6 kHz     =  6K00
           -  12.5 kHz  =  12K5
           -  180.4 kHz =  180K
           -  180.5 kHz =  181K
           -  180.7 kHz =  181K
           -  1.25 MHz  =  1M25
           -  2 MHz     =  2M00
           -  10 MHz    =  10M0
           -  202 MHz   =  202M
           -  5.65 GHz  =  5G65
     (c), etc...rules on determining necessary bandwidth...



2.815  External radio frequency power amplifiers.

     (a) As used in this Part, an external radio frequency power
amplifier is any device which,
          (1) when used in conjunction with a radio transmitter as
a signal source is capable of amplification of that signal, and
          (2) is not an internal part of a radio transmitter as
manufactured.
     (b) After April 27, 1978, no person shall manufacture, sell
or lease, offer for sale or lease (including advertising for sale
or lease), or import, ship, or distribute for the purpose of
selling or leasing or offering for sale or lease, any external
radio frequency power amplifier or amplifier kit capable of
operation on any frequency or frequencies between 24 and 35 MHz.
     (c) No person shall manufacture, sell or lease, offer for sale
or lease (including advertising for sale or lease), or import,
ship, or distribute for the purpose of selling or leasing or
offering for sale or lease, any external radio frequency power
amplifier or amplifier kit capable of operation on any frequency
or frequencies below 144 MHz unless the amplifier has received a
grant of type acceptance in accordance with Subpart J of this part
and Subpart C of Part 97 or other relevant Parts of this Chapter.
No more than 10 external radio frequency power amplifiers or
amplifier kits may be constructed for evaluation purposes in
preparation for the submission of an application for a grant of
type acceptance.
     (d) The proscription in Paragraph (b) of this section shall
not apply to the marketing, as defined in that paragraph, by a
licensed amateur radio operator to another licensed amateur radio
operator of an external radio frequency power amplifier fabricated
in not more than one unit of the same model in a calendar year by
that operator provided the amplifier is for the amateur operator's
personal use at his licensed amateur radio station and the
requirements of Sections 97.75 and 97.76 * (outdated rules) of this
Chapter are met.
     (e) The proscription in Paragraph (c) of this section shall
not apply to the marketing, as defined in that paragraph, by a
licensed amateur radio operator to another licensed amateur radio
operator of an external radio frequency power amplifier if the
amplifier is for the amateur operator's personal use at his
licensed amateur radio station and the requirements of Sections
97.75 and 97.76 * (outdated rules) of this Chapter are met.



73.682  Transmission standards.

     (a) Transmission standards.
          (1) The width of the television broadcast channel shall
be 6 MHz.
          (2) The visual carrier frequency shall be nominally 1.25
MHz above the lower boundary of the channel.
          (3) The aural center frequency shall be 4.5 MHz higher
than the visual carrier frequency.
          (4) The visual transmission amplitude characteristic
shall be in accordance with the chart designated as Figure 5 of
Section 73.699; provided, however, that for stations operating on
Channel 15-69 and employing a transmitter with maximum peak visual
power output of 1 kilowatt or less the visual transmission
amplitude characteristic may be in accordance with the chart
designated as Figure 5(a) of Section 73.699.
          (5) The chrominance subcarrier frequency is 63/88 times
precisely  5 MHz (3.57954545...MHz). The tolerance is plus or minus
10 Hz and the rate of frequency drift not to exceed 0.1 Hz per
second (cycles per second squared).
          (6) For monochrome and color transmissions, the number
of scanning lines per frame shall be 525, interlaced two to one in
successive fields.  The horizontal scanning frequency shall be
2/455 times the chrominance subcarrier frequency; this corresponds
nominally to 15,750 hertz (with an actual value of 15,734.264 plus
or minus 0.044 hertz).  The vertical scanning frequency is 2/525
times the horizontal scanning frequency; this corresponds nominally
to 60 hertz (the actual value is 59.94 hertz).  For monochrome
transmissions only, the nominal values of line and field
frequencies may be used.
          (7) The aspect ratio of the transmitted television
picture shall be 4 units horizontally to 3 units vertically.
          (8) During active scanning intervals, the scene shall be
scanned from left to right horizontally and from top to bottom
vertically, at uniform velocities.
          (9) A carrier shall be modulated within a single
television channel for both picture and synchronizing signals. The
two signals comprise different modulation ranges in amplitude in
accordance with the following:
               (i) Monochrome transmissions shall comply with
synchronizing waveform specifications in Figure 7 of 73.699.
               (ii) Color transmissions shall comply with the
synchronizing waveform specifications in Figure 6 of 73.699.
               (iii) All stations operating on Channels 2 through
14 and those stations operating on Channels 15 through 69 licensed
for a peak visual transmitter output power greater than one
kilowatt shall comply with the picture transmission amplitude
characteristics shown in Figure 5 of 73.699.
               (iv) Stations operating on Channels 15 through 69
licensed for a peak visual transmitter output power of one kilowatt
or less shall comply with the picture transmission amplitude
characteristics shown in Figure 5 or 5a of 73.699.
          (10) A decrease in initial light intensity shall cause
an increase in radiated power (negative transmission).
          (11) The reference black level shall be represented by
a definite carrier level, independent of light and shade in the
picture.
          (12) The blanking level shall be transmitted at 75 plus
or minus 2.5 percent of the peak carrier level.
          (13) The reference white level of the luminance signal
shall be 12.5 plus or minus 2.5 percent of the peak carrier level.
          (14) (antenna polarization)
          (15) The effective radiated power of the aural
transmitter must not exceed 22 percent of the peak radiated power
of the visual transmitter.
          (16) The peak-to-peak radiation of transmitter output
within one frame of video signal due to all causes, including hum,
noise, and low-frequency response, measured at both scanning
synchronizing peak and blanking level, shall not exceed 5 percent
of the average scanning synchronizing peak signal amplitude.  This
provision is subject to change but is considered the best practice
under the present state of the art (1977).  It will not be enforced
pending a further determination thereof.
          (17) The reference black level shall be separated from
the blanking level by the setup interval, which shall be 7.5 plus
or minus 2.5 percent of the video range from blanking level to the
reference white level.
          (18) (chrominance equations, etc.)